6/25/2023 0 Comments Studio one crack redditAs a result, they learn to drink the sugar solution copiously, especially when it first becomes available each day.Īfter a month on this intermittent-feeding schedule, the animals show a series of behaviors similar to the effects of drugs of abuse. In this animal model, rats are food deprived daily for 12 h, then after a delay of 4 h into their normal circadian-driven active period, they are given 12-h access to a sugar solution and chow. Therefore, we developed an animal model to investigate why some people have difficulty moderating their intake of palatable foods, such as sweet beverages. Many people claim that they feel compelled to eat sweet foods, similar in some ways to how an alcoholic might feel compelled to drink. The fact that some of these drugs can cause addiction raises the logical possibility that some foods might also cause addcition. Neural systems that evolved to motivate and reinforce foraging and food intake also underlie drug-seeking and self-administration. This may translate to some human conditions as suggested by the literature on eating disorders and obesity. The evidence supports the hypothesis that under certain circumstances rats can become sugar dependent. Neural adaptations include changes in dopamine and opioid receptor binding, enkephalin mRNA expression and dopamine and acetylcholine release in the nucleus accumbens. These behaviors are then related to neurochemical changes in the brain that also occur with addictive drugs. “Bingeing”, “withdrawal”, “craving” and cross-sensitization are each given operational definitions and demonstrated behaviorally with sugar bingeing as the reinforcer. Four components of addiction are analyzed. This review summarizes evidence of sugar dependence in an animal model. ![]() Sugar is noteworthy as a substance that releases opioids and dopamine and thus might be expected to have addictive potential. “Food addiction” seems plausible because brain pathways that evolved to respond to natural rewards are also activated by addictive drugs. ![]() The experimental question is whether or not sugar can be a substance of abuse and lead to a natural form of addiction.
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